What is chronic venous insufficiency?
The veins in the lower limbs have valves that help blood flow "against gravity." When the valves no longer close effectively or the vein wall loses its tone, venous reflux and stasis occur. Over time, local inflammation, edema, varicose veins, and skin changes may occur.
Typical symptoms
- the sensation of "heavy legs"
- dull pain or tension in the calves
- evening edema (swelling, especially in the ankles)
- night cramps
- discomfort when standing or sitting for long periods of time
Causes and risk factors
- family history, varicose veins
- prolonged standing or sitting
- excess weight
- pregnancy
- sedentary lifestyle and aging
Warning signs: sudden pain and significant swelling in one leg, intense redness, difficulty breathing – requires medical evaluation.
